How to Brush Your Teeth Properly

Maintaining good oral hygiene is one of the most important steps you can take for your overall health. While it may seem like a basic habit, many people are surprised to learn that they aren’t brushing their teeth as effectively as they should. Brushing correctly helps prevent cavities, gum disease, and bad breath, and plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and brightness of your smile. If you’re wondering whether you’re brushing your teeth correctly, this guide will walk you through everything you need to know to improve your brushing habits and protect your oral health.

Why Proper Brushing Technique Matters

Brushing your teeth isn’t just about fresh breath — it’s about removing harmful plaque, bacteria, and food particles that can lead to decay and gum disease. Improper brushing may leave behind plaque, wear down your enamel, or even damage your gums over time.

When done correctly, brushing:

Removes plaque and bacteria effectively
Prevents tooth decay and cavities
Helps maintain healthy gums
Keeps your breath fresh
Enhances the longevity of your dental work (like fillings or crowns)

That’s why adopting the correct brushing technique is crucial for people of all ages.

How Often Should You Brush?

The Canadian Dental Association recommends brushing your teeth at least twice a day — once in the morning and once before bed. Nighttime brushing is essential because it removes the bacteria and debris that accumulate throughout the day.

In addition to brushing:

Floss once a day to clean between teeth
Use an antimicrobial mouthwash if advised by your dentist
Drink water after meals to rinse away food particles

Choosing the Right Toothbrush and Toothpaste

Before diving into the technique, it’s essential to choose the right tools for the job.

Toothbrush:

Use a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent damage to enamel and gums
A smaller brush head helps reach all areas of the mouth
Consider an electric toothbrush for a more thorough clean, especially if you have limited mobility or wear braces

Toothpaste:

Use a fluoride toothpaste to help strengthen enamel and prevent decay
Look for products with the Canadian Dental Association (CDA) Seal of Approval
For sensitive teeth or whitening needs, consult your dentist about appropriate options

Step-by-Step: How to Brush Your Teeth Properly

Follow this step-by-step technique to ensure you’re brushing your teeth the right way every time.

Start with the Right Amount of Toothpaste: Place a pea-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste on your toothbrush. For children under six, a smear (about the size of a grain of rice) is sufficient.
Angle Your Brush: Hold your toothbrush at a 45-degree angle toward your gumline. This position helps the bristles sweep along the gumline, where plaque often builds up.
Use Gentle, Circular Motions: Use small, circular motions rather than sawing back and forth. Brushing too hard or using horizontal scrubbing strokes can wear down enamel and irritate gums over time.
Clean All Surfaces: Make sure to brush:
- The outer surfaces of your teeth (the side you see when you smile)
- The inner surfaces (facing your tongue and palate)
- The chewing surfaces of your molars
- Your tongue, to remove bacteria and freshen your breath

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